The beginning urban gardener

by Ether

I recently received the following email:

I’d like your advice on a few things regarding gardening. I’ve secured at least one plot at a nearby community garden that’s in a raised bed 3.5/ft wide and probably 15 feet long. I’m so excited about it!

I picked up Square Foot Gardening and it seems like I can do pretty well with three square foot rows going the length of the raised bed. I still need to spend a couple hours out there and see what the sun does–I have a feeling, though, that we’ll have some issues with it being too shady.

I was wondering what you might suggest growing for a first-timer. Should I go all-out and try to grow three seasons spring, summer, fall? When’s the earliest I can start in this climate and what crops should I choose? Finally, I was just reading your post about heirloom varieties and the health benefits and such, and I’m wondering if you have a favored mail-order source for great seeds.

Just want to make sure I’m ahead of the game before the season is suddenly upon us!

Blake [The Paupered Chef]

Congrats on your new gardening plot! Community gardens are great ways for those of us who live in the concrete jungle to still have healthy, local, inexpensive produce. I’ve been lucky the past few years, having rented in a house with a patch of grass in which I grew tomatoes, broccoli, and the odd pepper. Now that we’ve moved into our new house with a full yard I’m rather excited to be able to resume the type of growing I grew up with.

You’re starting off on the right foot. A good gardening book is always handy. I have a whole shelf full. Square Foot Gardening is my suggestion for anyone who is an urban gardener or is working with a small space. With the Square Foot Gardening method you can even garden if you only have a paved patio and no grass space!

You’ll want to check the sun patterns where you are planning your garden. Most vegetables need long hours of sunlight to produce their best. You can make do with less sun, but you’ll get fewer and smaller vegetables. You’ll want to keep in mind the sun patterns over the various areas of your garden if it’s a long-skinny plot. Plant the sun-loving veggies such as tomatoes in the sunniest area, and put those plants likely to bolt, lettuces and other cool-temperature veggies in your shadier areas.

For first-time gardeners I suggest only trying for a single crop season with some light succession planting of lettuces. This won’t mean that your garden will produce everything all at once. Everything has a different period of maturity. Your squash and melons will take a while to fully mature, whereas your lettuces with be in and out pretty quickly. Generally, planting in the late-spring for a summer crop is the best bet for beginners. You’ll have a mix of hardy and tender plants to care for, and a bit less unpredictability in the weather. To determine exactly when you should start planting your transplants and seeds you’ll want to determine your hardiness zone. Many seed packets will say when to plant them or when to start them indoors based on your hardiness zone. Other seed packets and nurseries will go by the date of last frost. This date is the average when your garden will be safe from deep killing frosts. To determine the date of last frost you can either keep track on your calendar for a number of years or you can check some of the handy charts out there such as Clyde’s Garden Planner. Clyde conveniently keeps the list of last- and first-frost dates online, as do many seed companies and gardening websites. You can always contact your local USDA co-operative extension office for information on your zone, frost dates, as well as for soil testing.

With the information on your hardiness zone and your frost dates, you’re ready to start looking for your plants. This is when you decide if you’re going to start your seeds indoors, or buy seedlings either via mail-order or from your local nursery. Seed starting is fun, cheaper in the long-run, but a little bit trickier than buying seedlings. It’s nothing to be afraid of though. I start my own seeds, and my seeds generally come from Seed Savers Exchange, purveyors of heirloom vegetable and some fruit seeds. I find that most varieties which Seed Savers carries are suitable for my area, though most vegetables will grow throughout the U.S. just with differing care requirements. Seed companies are very knowledgeable about the varieties they supply. So feel free to contact them with hardiness questions.

When choosing what to grow, the first thing to remember is: only grow vegetables that you will eat. If you don’t like zucchini then don’t grow it! I see plenty of first-time gardeners growing tomatoes and zucchini because they think they have to, even though they detest eating them. Tomatoes, lettuce, peppers, strawberries, beans, and peas are all good choices for a first garden. I plan the number of varieties and the number of plants in each variety to grow based on my intended usage. I’m a big tomato eater, and I do a lot of canning of tomato products, so I grow both paste/sauce tomatoes and steak tomatoes in abundance. I’ve never had too many tomatoes in my garden. I like to grow a number of varieties in each category when I can, though this isn’t always cost-effective for me. I do try to save seed, but sometimes it just doesn’t work out.

For an expanded list of garden planning resources including books, charts, and seed suppliers, check out the resources page.

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